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Presentations and Research

Research/Authoritative Presentations

The “medical literature” is a term that describes scientific textbooks and articles of a medical nature that are published and available to science, medicine and the public. Physicians who publish such literature are considered authorities on the subject and in their field. Before book chapters and journal articles are accepted for publication, they are subjected to rigorous peer review. The content must be validated and accepted by a physician’s peers as valid and scientifically sound prior to publication. Dr. Rappard, as a recognized authority, has been invited to author a number of book chapters on neurological subjects. Dr. Rappard has also published multiple scientific articles on the subject of image guided neurological surgery, brain and spinal disorders.

Book Chapters

  1. Tehranzadeh J, Rappard G, Anavim A and Pribram H. Normal variants, pitfalls and artifacts in spinal CT and MR imaging. In: Ali Shirkhoda, MD, FACR., ed. Anatomic Variants & Diagnostic Pitfalls in Sectional Body Imaging. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1999.
  2. Rappard G, Metzger G, Taylor C and Purdy P. MR-guided endocranial surgery: Applications in emergent cerebrovascular disease. In: Jafar Vossoughi ed. Emergency Revascularization: From Bench to Bedside. Medical and Engineering Publishing Inc. 2004.
  3. Rappard G. Choroid plexus papilloma. In: Rosalind B. Dietrich, MD., ed. Pediatric MRI, 2nd Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
  4. Rappard G. In: Rosalind B. Dietrich, MD., ed. Pediatric MRI, 2nd Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
  5. Rappard G. Hypothalamic/chiasmatic glioma. In: Rosalind B. Dietrich, MD., ed. Pediatric MRI, 2nd Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
  6. Rappard G. Primary central nervous system malignant rhabdoid tumor. In: Rosalind B. Dietrich, MD., ed. Pediatric MRI, 2nd Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
  7. Rappard G. Metastatic neuroblastoma. In: Rosalind B. Dietrich, MD., ed. Pediatric MRI, 2nd Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
  8. Rappard G. Posterior fossa primitive neuroectodermal tumor. In: Rosalind B. Dietrich, MD., ed. Pediatric MRI, 2nd Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
  9. Rappard G. Brainstem glioma. In: Rosalind B. Dietrich, MD., ed. Pediatric MRI, 2nd Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
  10. Rappard G. Tuber cinereum hamartoma. In: Rosalind B. Dietrich, MD., ed. Pediatric MRI, 2nd Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
  11. Rappard G. Supratentorial ependymoma. In: Rosalind B. Dietrich, MD., ed. Pediatric MRI, 2nd Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
  12. Rappard, G. DeFrancesch, F, Frazier, L and Bainbridge, S. Thoracic disc access and provocative discography.  Technical Manual Of Interventional Spine Procedures.  On Behalf of the Spine Intervention Society. In Progress 2022. 
  13. Travniceck, K, Rappard, G. DeFrancesch, F, Frazier, L and Bainbridge, S. Cervical disc access and provocative discography. Technical Manual Of Interventional Spine Procedures. On Behalf of the Spine Intervention Society. In Progress 2022. 
  14. Stout, A, Calodney, A, Ehsanian, R, and Rappard, G. Lateral sacral branch blocks. Technical Manual Of Interventional Spine Procedures. On Behalf of the Spine Intervention Society. In Progress 2022.

Peer Reviewed Medical and Scientific Journal Articles

Experimental third ventriculostomy performed using endovascular surgical techniques and their adaptation to percutaneous intradural neuronavigation (PIN)-proof of concept cadaver study.

Michael B. Horowitz, Karmal Ramzipoor, Ajit Najar, Susan Miller, George Rappard, Richard Spiro and Phillip D. Purdy. Neurosurg. 2003; 53(2): 387-391 

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Stent-coil treatment of a distal internal carotid dissecting pseudoaneurysm on a redundant loop using a flexible nitinol dedicated intracranial stent: case report.

G. Lee Pride, Robert E. Replogle, George Rappard and Phillip D. Purdy. AJNR. 2004; 25(2): 333-337

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Interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Through the Use of an Endospinal Imaging Coil: Preliminary Results with Anatomic Imaging of the Spinal Cord.

George Rappard, Gregory J. Metzger, Robert E. Replogle, Paul T. Weatherall, Donna Baer, Susan Miller, Brian Giles, Christina Adams And Phillip D. Purdy. AJNR. 2004; 25(5): 835-839

Complications of preoperative cerebral AVM embolization.

Christopher L. Taylor, Kim Dutton, George Rappard, G. Lee Pride, Robert Replogle, Phillip Purdy, Jonathan White, Thomas Kopitnik and Duke Samson. J of Neurosurg. 2004; 100(5): 810-820

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MR-guided catheter navigation of the intracranial subarachnoid space.

George Rappard, Gregory J. Metzger, James L. Fleckenstein, Evelyn Babcock, Robert E. Replogle, G. Lee Pride, Christina Adams, Susan Miller and Phillip D. Purdy. AJNR. 2003; 24(4):626-629. 

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Design of the stenting and aggressive medical management for preventing recurrent stroke in intracranial stenosis trial.

Chimowitz, MI et al for the SAMMPRIS investigators. J Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis. 2011; (20)4: 357-368

A Phase 2 Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial of Internal Carotid Artery Infusion of Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived ALD-401 Cells in Patients With Recent Stable Ischemic Stroke (RECOVER-Stroke).

Savitz SI, Yavagal D, Rappard G, Likosky W, Rutledge N, Graffagnino C, Alderazi Y, Elder JA, Chen PR, Budzik RF Jr, Tarrel R, Huang DY, Hinson JM Jr. Circulation. 2019 Jan 8;139(2):192-205.

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Diagnostic Value, Prognostic Value, and Safety of Provocation Discography.

Zachary McCormick, Fred DeFrancesch, Vivek Looma, Maxim Moradian, Ramesh Bathina and George Rappard. Pain Medicine. 2018; 19(1): 3-8

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Differing philosophical approaches to treating patients.

Andrew Engel, George Rappard, Wade King and David Kennedy. Pain Medicine. 2016; 17(9): 1781-3.

The effectiveness and risks of fluoroscopically-guided cervical medial branch thermal radiofrequency neurotomy: A systematic review with comprehensive analysis of the published data.

Andrew Engel, George Rappard, Wade King and David Kennedy. Pain Medicine. 2016; 17(4): 658-69

Frequency, Risk Factors, and Outcome of Coexistent Small Vessel Disease and Intracranial Arterial Stenosis: Results From the Stenting and Aggressive Medical Management for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Intracranial Stenosis (SAMMPRIS) Trial.

Kwon HM, Lynn MJ, Turan TN, Derdeyn CP, Fiorella D, Lane BF, Montgomery J, Janis LS, Rumboldt Z, Chimowitz MI; SAMMPRIS Investigators.JAMA Neurol. 2016 Jan;73(1):36-42.

Aggressive medical treatment with or without stenting in high-risk patients with intracranial artery stenosis (SAMMPRIS): the final results of a randomised trial.

Derdeyn CP, Chimowitz MI, Lynn MJ, Fiorella D, Turan TN, Janis LS, Montgomery J, Nizam A, Lane BF, Lutsep HL, Barnwell SL, Waters MF, Hoh BL, Hourihane JM, Levy EI, Alexandrov AV, Harrigan MR, Chiu D, Klucznik RP, Clark JM, McDougall CG, Johnson MD, Pride GL Jr, Lynch JR, Zaidat OO, Rumboldt Z, Cloft HJ; Stenting and Aggressive Medical Management for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Intracranial Stenosis Trial Investigators. 2014 Jan 25;383(9914):333-41.

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Mechanisms of stroke after intracranial angioplasty and stenting in the SAMMPRIS trial.

Derdeyn CP, Fiorella D, Lynn MJ, Rumboldt Z, Cloft HJ, Gibson D, Turan TN, Lane BF, Janis LS, Chimowitz MI; Stenting and Aggressive Medical Management for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Intracranial Stenosis Trial Investigators. Neurosurgery. 2013 May;72(5):777-95; discussion 795.

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Stenting versus aggressive medical therapy for intracranial arterial stenosis.

Chimowitz MI, Lynn MJ, Derdeyn CP, Turan TN, Fiorella D, Lane BF, Janis LS, Lutsep HL, Barnwell SL, Waters MF, Hoh BL, Hourihane JM, Levy EI, Alexandrov AV, Harrigan MR, Chiu D, Klucznik RP, Clark JM, McDougall CG, Johnson MD, Pride GL Jr, Torbey MT, Zaidat OO, Rumboldt Z, Cloft HJ; SAMMPRIS Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med. 2011 Sep 15;365(11):993-1003 

Neuroprotection during carotid artery stenting using the Gore flow reversal system: 30 day outcomes in the EMPIRE clinical study.

DG Clair, LN Hopkins and M Mehta, et al for the empire clinical study investigators. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions. 2011; 77(3): 420-9

Evolving minimally invasive spine surgery: A surgeon’s perspective on technological convergence and digital OR control system.

John Chiu, Ali Maziad, George Rappard, James Thacker, Brent Liu and Jorje Documet. Surgical Technology Int. 2010; 19: 211-22

Extent of intra-arterial calcification on head CT is predictive of the degree of intracranial atherosclerosis on digital subtraction angiography.

Mounzer Kassab, Rishi Gupta, Arshad Majid, Muhammad Farooq, Brian Giles, Mark Johnson, Dion Graybeal and George 6 6 Rappard. Cerebrovascular diseases. 2009; 28(1)45-8

Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leak as a cause of coma after craniotomy for clipping of an unruptured intracranial aneurysm.

Schievink WI, Palestrant D, Maya MM, Rappard G J Neurosurg 2009; 110(3):521-4

Feasibility and effectiveness of telehealth in the management of cervicothoracic and lumbar pain during the first six months of the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic: A case series. Description: Rappard, G, Harb, Jake, Yi, Caitlin and Russell, Robb. Interventional Pain Management. 2023; 2(3): 1-9

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